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- Title
Cumulative average nut consumption in relation to lower incidence of hypertension: a prospective cohort study of 10,347 adults.
- Authors
Jung, Sukyoung; Woo, Hye Won; Shin, Jinho; Kim, Yu-Mi; Shin, Min-Ho; Koh, Sang-Baek; Kim, Hyeon Chang; Kim, Mi Kyung
- Abstract
Purpose: Maintaining optimal blood pressure (BP) levels can be an effective preventive strategy for reducing disease burden. Nut consumption may play a preventive role against hypertension, which is a lifelong condition. We aimed to prospectively examine the association between cumulative average nut consumption and the incidence of hypertension in Korean adults aged 40 years and older. Methods: A total of 10,347 participants who were free of hypertension at baseline, were included. Hypertension was defined as having a physician diagnosis and taking antihypertensive medications or having abnormal BP (systolic ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic ≥ 90 mmHg). As an exposure, cumulative average nut consumption was calculated using repeated food-frequency questionnaires (mean: 2.1). We used a modified Poisson regression model with a robust error estimator to estimate the incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hypertension. Results: We identified 2047 incident cases of hypertension during 44,614 person-years of follow-up. Among both men and women, an average nut consumption of ≥ 1 serving/week (15 g/week]) was inversely associated with hypertension incidence (IRR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.58–0.96, p for trend = 0.013 for men; IRR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.59–0.88, p for trend = 0.002 for women) and these significant associations were consistently observed across the strata of potential confounders. Conclusion: An average consumption of at least one serving (15 g) per week of peanuts, almonds, and/or pine nuts may be inversely associated with the risk of hypertension among Korean adults aged 40 years and older, in a dose–response manner.
- Subjects
SOUTH Korea; HYPERTENSION risk factors; HYPERTENSION epidemiology; HYPERTENSION; RESEARCH; CONFIDENCE intervals; INGESTION; DISEASE incidence; SEX distribution; QUESTIONNAIRES; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; PEANUTS; STATISTICAL correlation; NUTS; LONGITUDINAL method; POISSON distribution; DOSE-response relationship in biochemistry; ADULTS
- Publication
European Journal of Nutrition, 2022, Vol 61, Issue 3, p1571
- ISSN
1436-6207
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00394-021-02743-5