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- Title
Urinary markers of hydration during 3-day water restriction and graded rehydration.
- Authors
Johnson, Evan C.; Huffman, Ainsley E.; Yoder, Hillary; Dolci, Alberto; Perrier, Erica T.; Larson-Meyer, D. Enette; Armstrong, Lawrence E.
- Abstract
Purpose: This investigation had three purposes: (a) to evaluate changes in hydration biomarkers in response to a graded rehydration intervention (GRHI) following 3 days of water restriction (WR), (b) assess within-day variation in urine concentrations, and (c) quantify the volume of fluid needed to return to euhydration as demonstrated by change in Ucol. Methods: 115 adult males and females were observed during 1 week of habitual fluid intake, 3 days of fluid restriction (1000 mL day−1), and a fourth day in which the sample was randomized into five different GRHI groups: no additional water, CON; additional 500 mL, G+0.50; additional 1000 mL, G+1.00; additional 1500 mL, G+1.50; additional 2250 mL, G+2.25. All urine was collected on 1 day of the baseline week, during the final 2 days of the WR, and during the day of GRHI, and evaluated for urine osmolality, color, and specific gravity. Results: Following the GRHI, only G+1.50 and G+2.25 resulted in all urinary values being significantly different from CON. The mean volume of water increase was significantly greater for those whose Ucol changed from > 4 to < 4 (+ 1435 ± 812 mL) than those whose Ucol remained ≥ 4 (+ 667 ± 722 mL, p < 0.001). Conclusions: An additional 500 mL of water is not sufficient, while approximately 1500 mL of additional water (for a total intake between 2990 and 3515 mL day−1) is required to return to a urine color associated with adequate water intake, following 3 days of WR.
- Subjects
BIOMARKERS; DEHYDRATION; DRINKING (Physiology); FLUID therapy; HYDRATION; RESEARCH funding; STATISTICAL sampling; URINE; WATER; RANDOMIZED controlled trials; OSMOLAR concentration
- Publication
European Journal of Nutrition, 2020, Vol 59, Issue 5, p2171
- ISSN
1436-6207
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00394-019-02065-7