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- Title
Dietary Intake of Antioxidant Nutrients and the Risk of Incident Alzheimer Disease in a Biracial Community Study.
- Authors
Morris, Martha Clare; Evans, Denis A.; Bienias, Julia L.; Tangney, Christine C.; Bennett, David A.; Aggarwal, Neelum; Wilson, Robert S.; Scherr, Paul A.
- Abstract
Context: Oxidative processes have been suggested as elements in the development of Alzheimer disease (AD), but whether dietary intake of vitamin E and other antioxidant nutrients prevents its development is unknown. Objective: To examine whether intake of antioxidant nutrients, vitamin E, vitamin C, and beta carotene is associated with incident AD. Design, Setting, and Participants: Prospective study, conducted from 1993 to 2000, of individuals selected in a stratified random sample of community-dwelling residents. The 815 residents 65 years and older were free of AD at baseline and were followed up for a mean of 3.9 years. They completed food frequency questionnaires an average of 1.7 years after baseline. Main Outcome Measure: Incident AD diagnosed in clinical evaluations with standardized criteria. Results: Increasing vitamin E intake from foods was associated with decreased risk of developing AD after adjustment for age, education, sex, race, APOE ε4, and length of follow-up. Relative risks (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) from lowest to highest quintiles of intake were 1.00, 0.71 (0.24-2.07), 0.62 (0.26-1.45), 0.71 (0.27-1.88), and 0.30 (0.10-0.92) (P for trend = .05). The protective association of vitamin E was observed only among persons who were APOE ε4 negative. Adjustment for other dietary factors reduced the protective association. After adjustment for baseline memory score, the risk was 0.36 (95% CI, 0.11-1.17). Intake of vitamin C, beta carotene, and vitamin E from supplements was not significantly associated with risk of AD. Conclusion: This study suggests that vitamin E from food, but not other antioxidants, may be associated with a reduced risk of AD. Unexpectedly, this association was observed only among individuals without the APOE ε4 allele.
- Subjects
ANTIOXIDANTS; ALZHEIMER'S disease risk factors; VITAMIN E; APOLIPOPROTEIN E
- Publication
JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 2002, Vol 287, Issue 24, p3230
- ISSN
0098-7484
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1001/jama.287.24.3230