The article focuses on vanadium that is extracted from vanadiferous ores, slags and residues and converted into vanadium pentoxide or trioxide. Topics include examines most vanadium pentoxide is then converted into ferrovanadium and a majority of the world's supply of vanadium was derived either from vanadiferous titanomagnetite (VTM) mineral concentrates or from steelmaking slags, where the steel was produced from VTM.