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- Title
Exposure to urban nanoparticles at low PM1 concentrations as a source of oxidative stress and inflammation.
- Authors
Costabile, Francesca; Gualtieri, Maurizio; Rinaldi, Matteo; Canepari, Silvia; Vecchi, Roberta; Massimi, Lorenzo; Di Iulio, Gianluca; Paglione, Marco; Di Liberto, Luca; Corsini, Emanuela; Facchini, Maria Cristina; Decesari, Stefano
- Abstract
Exposures to fine particulate matter (PM 1 ) have been associated with health impacts, but the understanding of the PM 1 concentration-response (PM 1 -CR) relationships, especially at low PM 1 , remains incomplete. Here, we present novel data using a methodology to mimic lung exposure to ambient air (2 < P M 1 < 60 μ g m - 3 ), with minimized sampling artifacts for nanoparticles. A reference model (Air Liquid Interface cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B) was used for aerosol exposure. Non-linearities observed in PM 1 -CR curves are interpreted as a result of the interplay between the aerosol total oxidative potential (OP t ) and its distribution across particle size (d p ). A d p -dependent condensation sink (CS) is assessed together with the distribution with d p of reactive species. Urban ambient aerosol high in OP t , as indicated by the DTT assay, with (possibly copper-containing) nanoparticles, shows higher pro-inflammatory and oxidative responses, this occurring at lower PM 1 concentrations (< 5 μ g m - 3 ). Among the implications of this work, there are recommendations for global efforts to go toward the refinement of actual air quality standards with metrics considering the distribution of OP t with d p also at relatively low PM 1 .
- Subjects
AIR quality standards; OXIDATIVE stress; NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLE size distribution; PARTICULATE matter
- Publication
Scientific Reports, 2023, Vol 13, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2045-2322
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41598-023-45230-z