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- Title
Cytokine signals propagate through the brain.
- Authors
Vitkovic, L.; Konsman, J.P.; Bockaert, J.; Dantzer, R.; Homburger, V.; Jacque, C.
- Abstract
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) are proinflammatory cytokines that are constitutively expressed in healthy, adult brain where they mediate normal neural functions such as sleep. They are neuromodulators expressed by and acting on neurons and glia. IL-1 and TNFα expression is upregulated in several important diseases/disorders. Upregulation of IL-1 and/or TNFα expression, elicited centrally or systemically, propagates through brain parenchyma following specific spatio-temporal patterns. We propose that cytokine signals propagate along neuronal projections and extracellular diffusion pathways by molecular cascades that need to be further elucidated. This elucidation is a prerequisite for better understanding of reciprocal interactions between nervous, endocrine and immune systems.
- Subjects
INTERLEUKIN-1; TUMOR necrosis factors; CYTOKINES; BRAIN physiology
- Publication
Molecular Psychiatry, 2000, Vol 5, Issue 6, p604
- ISSN
1359-4184
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/sj.mp.4000813