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- Title
Interleukin-8 and neutrophil extracellular traps in children with lupus nephritis and vitamin C deficiency.
- Authors
Santiworakul, Chanunya; Saisorn, Wilasinee; Siripen, Nuanpan; Leelahavanichkul, Asada; Rianthavorn, Pornpimol
- Abstract
Background: Vitamin C is a potent scavenger of reactive oxygen species, which induce neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. NETs are a major source of autoantigens and are involved in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. We determined vitamin C status and evaluated NET formation and inflammatory cytokines in children with lupus nephritis. Methods: Serum vitamin C was measured in 46 patients (82.6% females, mean age 14.5 ± 0.3 years). Vitamin C levels < 0.3 mg/dL indicated vitamin C deficiency. Patients were divided into two groups according to serum vitamin C levels: normal and low (< 0.3 mg/dL). We compared NET formation and levels of SLE-related cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), between groups. NET formation was determined through measurement of serum citrullinated histone 3 levels and mRNA expression of peptidyl arginine deiminase-4 and assessment of the percentage of neutrophils with NETs by immunofluorescence. Results: Nine patients (19.6%) had vitamin C deficiency. Kidney pathology assessment at disease onset revealed that histological activity index and number of kidney biopsies containing crescentic glomeruli were higher in vitamin C-deficient patients, but chronicity index was not. NET formation and serum IL-8 were more prominent in vitamin C-deficient patients. Serum IL-8 levels were 12.9 ± 5.2 pg/mL in low vitamin C group and 5.2 ± 0.9 pg/mL in normal vitamin C group (p = 0.03). Serum IL-10 and TNF-α were similar between groups. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated correlation among vitamin C deficiency, increased NET formation, and IL-8 upregulation in children with lupus nephritis. A prospective study is required to evaluate cause‒effect relationships of vitamin C status, NET formation and IL-8 expression.
- Subjects
CYTOKINES; INTERLEUKINS; LUPUS nephritis; KIDNEYS; BIOPSY; VITAMIN C; VITAMIN C deficiency; NEUTROPHILS; TUMOR necrosis factors; HISTONES; MESSENGER RNA; FLUORESCENT antibody technique; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; RESEARCH funding; EXTRACELLULAR space; DISEASE risk factors; DISEASE complications; ADOLESCENCE
- Publication
Pediatric Nephrology, 2024, Vol 39, Issue 4, p1135
- ISSN
0931-041X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00467-023-06189-1