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- Title
PFOS induces proliferation, cell-cycle progression, and malignant phenotype in human breast epithelial cells.
- Authors
Pierozan, Paula; Karlsson, Oskar
- Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is a synthetic fluorosurfactant widely used in the industry and a prominent environmental toxicant. PFOS is persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic to mammalian species. Growing evidence suggests that PFOS has the potential to interfere with estrogen homeostasis, posing a risk of endocrine-disrupting effects. Recently, concerns about a potential link between PFOS and breast cancer have been raised, but the mechanisms underlying its actions as a potential carcinogen are unknown. By utilizing cell proliferation assays, flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, and cell migration/invasion assays, we examined the potentially tumorigenic activity of PFOS (100 nM–1 mM) in MCF-10A breast cell line. The results showed that the growth of MCF-10A cells exposed to 1 and 10 µM PFOS was higher compared to that of the control. Mechanistic studies using 10 µM PFOS demonstrated that the compound promotes MCF-10A proliferation through accelerating G0/G1-to-S phase transition of the cell cycle after 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment. In addition, PFOS exposure increased CDK4 and decreased p27, p21, and p53 levels in the cells. Importantly, treatment with 10 µM PFOS for 72 h also stimulated MCF-10A cell migration and invasion, illustrating its capability to induce neoplastic transformation of human breast epithelial cells. Our experimental results suggest that exposure to low levels of PFOS might be a potential risk factor in human breast cancer initiation and development.
- Subjects
PERFLUOROOCTANE sulfonate -- Environmental aspects; BREAST cancer risk factors; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY; ENDOCRINE glands; NEOPLASTIC cell transformation; ENVIRONMENTAL toxicology research
- Publication
Archives of Toxicology, 2018, Vol 92, Issue 2, p705
- ISSN
0340-5761
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00204-017-2077-8