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- Title
Virus-Derived Chemokine Modulating Protein Pre-Treatment Blocks Chemokine–Glycosaminoglycan Interactions and Significantly Reduces Transplant Immune Damage.
- Authors
Zanetti, Isabela R.; Burgin, Michelle; Zhang, Liqiang; Yeh, Steve T.; Ambadapadi, Sriram; Kilbourne, Jacquelyn; Yaron, Jordan R.; Lowe, Kenneth M.; Daggett-Vondras, Juliane; Fonseca, David; Boyd, Ryan; Wakefield, Dara; Clapp, William; Lim, Efrem; Chen, Hao; Lucas, Alexandra
- Abstract
Immune cell invasion after the transplantation of solid organs is directed by chemokines binding to glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), creating gradients that guide immune cell infiltration. Renal transplant is the preferred treatment for end stage renal failure, but organ supply is limited and allografts are often injured during transport, surgery or by cytokine storm in deceased donors. While treatment for adaptive immune responses during rejection is excellent, treatment for early inflammatory damage is less effective. Viruses have developed highly active chemokine inhibitors as a means to evade host responses. The myxoma virus-derived M-T7 protein blocks chemokine: GAG binding. We have investigated M-T7 and also antisense (ASO) as pre-treatments to modify chemokine: GAG interactions to reduce donor organ damage. Immediate pre-treatment of donor kidneys with M-T7 to block chemokine: GAG binding significantly reduced the inflammation and scarring in subcapsular and subcutaneous allografts. Antisense to N-deacetylase N-sulfotransferase1 (ASONdst1) that modifies heparan sulfate, was less effective with immediate pre-treatment, but reduced scarring and C4d staining with donor pre-treatment for 7 days before transplantation. Grafts with conditional Ndst1 deficiency had reduced inflammation. Local inhibition of chemokine: GAG binding in donor organs immediately prior to transplant provides a new approach to reduce transplant damage and graft loss.
- Subjects
KIDNEY transplantation; TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc.; HEPARAN sulfate; CYTOKINE release syndrome; HOMOGRAFTS; CHEMOKINES; GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS
- Publication
Pathogens, 2022, Vol 11, Issue 5, p588
- ISSN
2076-0817
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/pathogens11050588