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- Title
Morphological and histological study by induced of piroxicam on the kidney, liver, and stomach in the rats.
- Authors
Hssoni, Zainab Abbas; Salman, Raghad Jawad
- Abstract
Background: NSAIDs are the most frequently prescribed therapeutic agents used for the treatment of inflammation because they have antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory action.[5] NSAIDs work to reduced inflammation by depression cyclooxygenase 2 enzyme, which is a key enzyme in catalyzing the converted of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin, which are mediated by depression synthesis of prostaglandin. Materials and Methods: Fifteen rats are used as an experimental animals of rats, three of them used as control animals and the remain twelve animals are treated with piroxicam. Out of twelve treated animals, six were used for an anatomical study and other six animals for the histological study. The control animal gave 0.5 ml distal water injection intramuscle, but treated rats give 0.5 g piroxicam intramuscle 3 days then continuous give piroxicam orally till 27 days. 20 mg of piroxicam was dissolved in water and given orally to all laboratory test animals used in the study. After specified period of time animals were scarified and examined for the morphological change of organs as compared to the control animals. Results: The results revealed that after injection of piroxicam, the observed gross anatomical changes in stomach of treated animals, shows odematous and hypertrophic stomach. Cross sectional study of stomach revealed focal necrotic gastric mucosal surface with greenish discoloration. Liver shows grossly focal hemorrhage necrosis) while in kidney, there is no clear morphological change, but there is change in color to dull brownish color when compared with to control. Regarding histological study of treated animals, the microscopical examination liver sections revealed hydropic swelling of hepatocytes with mild glycogen depletion associated with central vein congestions and focal area of necrosis and mild inflammatory cells infiltrate with sinusoidal dilation and engorgement. The kidney sections showed dilation of renal tubules with hydropic and degenerative changes of tubular cells and tubular dilation associated with glomerular atrophy. The stomach sections showed erosion of gastric mucosa with necrotic changes associated with interstitial edematous changes in mucosal and submucosal layers. Conclusion: The result of our study suggests that the high dose of piroxicam has adverse effect and induces obvious histopathological changes in multiple organs as in liver, kidney, and stomach including degenerative changes and may induce microvascular damage, vascular congestion, and may affect the functions of these organs.
- Publication
Drug Invention Today, 2019, Vol 12, Issue 11, p2642
- ISSN
0975-7619
- Publication type
Article