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- Title
Sleep-disordered breathing in Hispanic/Latino individuals of diverse backgrounds. The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.
- Authors
Redline, Susan; Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela; Loredo, Jose; Hall, Martica; Patel, Sanjay R; Ramos, Alberto; Shah, Neomi; Ries, Andrew; Arens, Raanan; Barnhart, Janice; Youngblood, Marston; Zee, Phyllis; Daviglus, Martha L
- Abstract
<bold>Rationale: </bold>Hispanic/Latino populations have a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and may be at risk for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). An understanding of SDB among these populations is needed given evidence that SDB increases cardiovascular risk.<bold>Objectives: </bold>To quantify SDB prevalence in the U.S. Hispanic/Latino population and its association with symptoms, risk factors, diabetes, and hypertension; and to explore variation by sex and Hispanic/Latino background.<bold>Methods: </bold>Cross-sectional analysis from the baseline examination of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.<bold>Measurements and Main Results: </bold>The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was derived from standardized sleep tests; diabetes and hypertension were based on measurement and history. The sample of 14,440 individuals had an age-adjusted prevalence of minimal SDB (AHI ≥ 5), moderate SDB (AHI ≥ 15), and severe SDB (AHI ≥ 30) of 25.8, 9.8, and 3.9%, respectively. Only 1.3% of participants reported a sleep apnea diagnosis. Moderate SDB was associated with being male (adjusted odds ratio, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.3-3.1), obese (16.8; 11.6-24.4), and older. SDB was associated with an increased adjusted odds of impaired glucose tolerance (1.7; 1.3-2.1), diabetes (2.3; 1.8-2.9), and hypertension. The association with hypertension varied across background groups with the strongest associations among individuals of Puerto Rican and Central American background.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>SDB is prevalent in U.S. Latinos but rarely associated with a clinical diagnosis. Associations with diabetes and hypertension suggest a large burden of disease may be attributed to untreated SDB, supporting the development and evaluation of culturally relevant detection and treatment approaches.
- Subjects
UNITED States; STATISTICS on Hispanic Americans; OBESITY complications; AGE distribution; DIABETES; HYPERTENSION; OBESITY; QUESTIONNAIRES; RESEARCH funding; SEX distribution; SLEEP apnea syndromes; SURVEYS; LOGISTIC regression analysis; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; HEALTH equity; DISEASE prevalence; CROSS-sectional method; SEVERITY of illness index; DISEASE complications; DIAGNOSIS
- Publication
American Journal of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, 2014, Vol 189, Issue 3, p335
- ISSN
1073-449X
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1164/rccm.201309-1735OC