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- Title
Laboratory Diagnosis of Tropical Infections.
- Authors
Basu, Shaoli; Shetty, Anjali
- Abstract
Highlights: (1) Blood culture is the gold standard for the diagnosis of bacterial infections. (2) Bone marrow culture is more sensitive than blood culture even in patients with enteric fever receiving antibiotics. (3) Microscopic agglutination test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing leptospirosis; however, now IgM ELISA and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are more frequently used for diagnosis. (4) Tuberculosis is diagnosed with the help of nucleic acid amplification tests like Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra which also detects rifampicin resistance. Other tests include microscopy, Lowenstein-Jensen and mycobacteria growth indicator tube culture, line probe assay. (5) Tropical rickettsial infections are diagnosed by serological reactions (Weil-Felix, ELISA for antibodies) and PCR. (6) For Brucellosis culture from blood, bone marrow or tissue specimens remain the mainstay in diagnosis. (7) Dengue, Zika, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Ebola, hantavirus, rabies are diagnosed with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Serological tests like IgM ELISA or paired sera samples for IgG are also used for diagnosis.
- Subjects
DIAGNOSIS of brucellosis; RICKETTSIAL disease diagnosis; LEPTOSPIROSIS diagnosis; BLOOD; AGGLUTINATION tests; CELL culture; DENGUE; EBOLA virus disease; MICROSCOPY; SERODIAGNOSIS; TROPICAL medicine; INFECTION; ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay; TUBERCULOSIS; POLYMERASE chain reaction; BONE marrow examination; EARLY diagnosis
- Publication
Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, 2021, Vol 25, Issue S2, pS122
- ISSN
0972-5229
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23813