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- Title
Ultra-processed foods drive to unhealthy diets: evidence from Chile.
- Authors
Cediel, Gustavo; Reyes, Marcela; Corvalán, Camila; Levy, Renata Bertazzi; Uauy, Ricardo; Monteiro, Carlos A
- Abstract
<bold>Objectives: </bold>To assess the consumption of ultra-processed foods and its association with the overall dietary content of nutrients related to non-communicable diseases (NCD) in the Chilean diet and to estimate the population attributable fraction of ultra-processed food consumption on the unhealthy nutrient content.<bold>Design: </bold>Cross-sectional analysis of dietary data collected through a national survey (2010).<bold>Setting: </bold>Chile.<bold>Participants: </bold>Chilean population aged ≥2 years (n 4920).<bold>Results: </bold>In Chile, ultra-processed foods represented 28·6 % of the total energy intake. A significant positive association was found between the dietary share of ultra-processed foods and NCD-promoting nutrients such as dietary energy density (standardised regression coefficient (β) = 0·22), content of free sugars (β = 0·45), total fats (β = 0·26), saturated fats (β = 0·19), trans fats (β = 0·09) and Na:K ratio (β = 0·04), while a significant negative association was found with the content of NCD-protective nutrients such as K (β = -0·19) and fibre (β = -0·31). The content of Na (β = 0·02) presented no significant association. Except for Na, the prevalence of inadequate intake of all nutrients (WHO recommendations) increased across quintiles of the dietary share of ultra-processed foods. With the reduction of ultra-processed foods consumption to the level seen among the 20 % lowest consumers (3·8 % (0-9·3 %) of the total energy from ultra-processed foods), the prevalence of nutrient inadequacy would be reduced in almost three-fourths for trans fats; in half for energy density (foods); in around one-third for saturated fats, energy density (beverages), free sugars and total fats; in near 20 % for fibre and Na:K ratio and in 13 % for K.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>In Chile, decreasing the consumption of ultra-processed foods is a potentially effective way to achieve the WHO nutrient goals for the prevention of diet-related NCD.
- Subjects
CHILE; PROCESSED foods; TRANS fatty acids; FOOD consumption; DIET; ENERGY density; INGESTION; RESEARCH; CONVENIENCE foods; CROSS-sectional method; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; EVALUATION research; SURVEYS; COMPARATIVE studies; FOOD handling
- Publication
Public Health Nutrition, 2021, Vol 24, Issue 7, p1698
- ISSN
1368-9800
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1017/S1368980019004737