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- Title
Gyomflóra és biomassza produkció vizsgálatok trágyázási tartamkísérletben a kukorica korai fenológiai stádiumában.
- Authors
MAZSU, Nikolett; KAMUTI, Mariann; SÁNDOR, Renáta; SZENTES, Dóra; LEHOCZKY, Éva
- Abstract
The weed species that are currently widespread have great adaptability, and are thus able to compete strongly for nutrients and water, exhibiting intensive growth and suppressing the cultivated plants, especially during the early phenological stages of maize. Investigations on the weed diversity and weed-weed relationships in maize fields in terms of nutrient supplies could help to determine the weed biomass production, the dominance of various weed species and the expected effects of competition. The effect of different nutrient supplies on the weed infestation of maize was studied in 2014 in a long-term fertilization experiment set up in 2003 on a FAO Calcaric Phaeosem soil at the Experimental Station of the Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry (MTA ATK) in Nagyhörcsök, Hungary. The species composition of the weed flora, the weed plant density, the dominance of the weed species and the aboveground weed biomass were studied in six replications in five treatments (control, PK, NK, NP, NPK) five (BBCH 12-14) and seven (BBCH 16- 18) weeks after sowing. A total of 22 weed species occurred in the different treatments. The diversity of the weed species differed significantly in the individual treatments. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers were the dominant species in the control, PK and NK treatments, and Chenopodium album L., Chenopodium hybridum L. and Datura stramonium L. on the NP and NPK plots. The weed diversity and the aboveground biomass of each weed species changed significantly in response to the treatments. At the first sampling date, the total weed density ranged from 71 plant・m-2 (NK) to 126 plant・m-2 (NPK). Two weeks later, the total weed density increased by 14 % on average, ranging from 80 plant・m-2 (NK) to 142 plant・m-2 (NPK). The order of the treatments in terms of weed density was NK<NP<PK<Ø <NPK in both the phenophases. The total dry aboveground weed biomass was lowest in the NK treatment (5 and 40 g・m-2) and highest in the PK treatment (21 and 125 g・m-2) at both sampling dates. There was no significant difference in weed biomass production between the NK, NP and control treatments or between the PK and NPK treatments. Averaged over the two sampling dates the order of the treatments was the following: NK<Ø<NP<NPK<PK. The effect of the nutrient treatments was also detected in the total weed density and biomass. In the early phenological stages, weed growth and biomass production were influenced to the greatest extent by the simultaneous effect of different macronutrient supplies, the diverse species composition of the weed population in response to mineral fertilisation, and to the competition of the weed flora with maize.
- Publication
Agrochemistry & Soil Science / Agrokémia és Talajtan, 2017, Vol 66, Issue 1, p131
- ISSN
0002-1873
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1556/0088.2017.66.1.8