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- Title
Comprehensive Prevention and Control Technologies of Rice Blast in Disease Nanchong City.
- Authors
Changjia PENG; Tikun BAI; Libin FENG; Pan DING; Yuheng YANG
- Abstract
The study was conducted to reduce blast damage, the use of pesticides residue, environment pollution and control costs, and to make a significant contribution to the improvement of grain production, quality and agriculture ecological environment. Over these years, by the methods of systematical monitoring, regular surveys, field investigation, rice blast resistance identification, experiments and meteorological data analysis, the study on comprehensive prevention and control of rice blast in Nanchong City was conducted. The results showed that the rice varieties more sensitive to blast had a higher incidence of severe blast disease. Replacing, varieties with different source of resistance every three to five years and reasonable variety distribution can effectively reduce the prevalence of rice blast. Appropriate treatment of infected rice straw and pathogen, seed disinfection, seedling disinfection, and pesticide application at transplanting and etc. can delay blast occurrence and reduce the damage caused by blast. By analyzing the blast control efficiency of pesticides applied at different growth stages, we found that best control efficiency against blast was achieved by spraying pesticide twice during the whole growth stage, once 3 d before transplanting or 10 d after transplanting; and once at initial heading stage. Spraying 525 g/hm² 75% tricyclazole was proven to be the best dosage for blast control. However, 375-450 g/hm² 75% tricyclazole is enough if the blast incidence is not severe, or the rice varieties are slightly susceptible to blast. The control efficiency against leaf blast between 4% kasugamycin and 20% tricyclazole had no significant difference, but was significantly higher than that of 100 billion spores/g of Bacillus subtilis. The control efficiency against neck blast had no significant difference among 4% kasugamycin, 20% tricyclazole and 100 billion spores/g of B. subtilis. 450 g/hm² 75% tricyclazole had better control efficiency against neck blast than 2 250 g/hm² 2% 800 million spores/g Jinggangmycin-wax bud bacteria SC, 1 050 g/hm² 41% kasugamycin-isoprothiolane WP and 900 g/hm² 41% kasugamycin-isoprothiolane WP. The frequency of severe blast incidence in Nanchong City has reached 50% since 1997. The rice blast disease has been effectively controlled by comprehensive prevention and control technology, reducing the production loss to less than 2%, and pesticides by 4 523 t in total. In 2014, 327 000 t rice grains were approved as pollution-free, green and organic agricultural products, indicating that the blast control measures produced great economic, social and ecological values.
- Subjects
RICE blast disease; RICE blast disease prevention; PESTICIDES; RICE varieties; AGRICULTURAL productivity
- Publication
Agricultural Science & Technology, 2016, Vol 17, Issue 1, p106
- ISSN
1009-4229
- Publication type
Article