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- Title
スポーツの抵抗とヘゲモニー,そして政治的なもの: 2009 政権交代前後のスポーツ政策イシュー.
- Authors
水上 博司
- Abstract
This study identifies a period around the change of government in 2009 (Heisei 21) as a major milestone in Japanese political and sports history. Japanese sports policy during this period did not necessarily support the promotion of community sports clubs (CSC). On the contrary, the abolition of such sports club projects was an issue at the time. NPOs offering intermediary support for community sports clubs encouraged the practice of “resistance” against this trend in an attempt to seek “hegemony.” They also advocated “political engagement” with the goal of participation in policy making. This study examines this “resistance” and “hegemony” of supporting NPOs and the practice of “political engagement” based on the “new social movement” and “radical democracy” theories as analytical frameworks. The policy issues analyzed were: (1) the Review of the “Basic Plan for the Promotion of Sports”; (2) Evaluation of the Abolition of Project Sorting, and; (3) The Concept of Top Athlete Training Centers under the “The Strategy for a Sports Nation”. “Resistance” as referred to in this paper is that defined by Alain Touraine, and “political” is the term defined by Carl Schmitt. The policy issues of community sports clubs in (1) to (3) above stimulated the creation of new projects for the various practices of the supporting NPOs. However, all of those projects emphasized rather hostile hegemony toward the policy authorities, with no direct “resistance” demanding the improvement of the announced content. The supporting NPOs recognized that such “resistance” had the general characteristic of “loss of the core” without connection to the policy authorities. This allowed the supporting NPOs to develop, while intending to play the role of an “external core”, and various practices as “political engagement”, aimed at participation in policy making. In this context, the hegemony manifested here can be understood based on the complementarity of self-reflectively controlling a pair of our tendencies: seeing anything external as foes; and anything internal as friends. Such understanding is also considered to be an important constitutive requirement for political engagement. Therefore, the supporting NPOs can be said to have been playing the role of a “bridge” connecting the starting point, i.e., the evaluation of “abolition”, which was resistance against the external, with the later promotion of a self-reflective approach within the community sports clubs. Furthermore, it was clarified that hegemony is inherent in sports as a cultural constituent that cannot be subsumed into politics.
- Subjects
JAPAN; NONPROFIT organizations; POLICY sciences; SPORTS facilities; ATHLETIC associations; POLITICAL participation
- Publication
Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health & Sport Sciences / Taiikugaku Kenkyū, 2023, Vol 68, p471
- ISSN
0484-6710
- Publication type
Article