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- Title
Formation of Volatile Halogenated By-Products During the Chlorination of Oxytetracycline.
- Authors
Xu, Bin; Zhu, He-Zhen; Lin, Yi-Li; Shen, Kai-Yuan; Chu, Wen-Hai; Hu, Chen-Yan; Tian, Kang-Ning; Mwakagenda, Seleli; Bi, Xiang-Yu
- Abstract
This study investigated the formation of volatile carbonaceous disinfection by-products (DBPs) and nitrogenous DBPs from chlorination of oxytetracycline. Six DBPs were identified including chloroform (CF), 1,1-dichloroacetone, 1,1,1-trichloroacetone (TCP), dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN), trichloroacetonitrile, and trichloronitromethane. DBP yields varied with different reaction conditions, including chlorine concentration, reacting time, pH, and bromide concentration. The highest DBP yields were found at Cl/C mass ratio and reaction time of 5 and 3 days, respectively. The solution pH had significant influence on CF, DCAN, and 1,1,1-TCP formation. The concentration of CF increased with the increase of pH, while DCAN and 1,1,1-TCP yields were high at acidic pH and decreased greatly under alkaline conditions. In the presence of bromide, the DBP composition shifted to multiple bromide compounds, including bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, bromoform, bromochloroacetonitrile, and dibromoacetonitrile.
- Subjects
HALOGENATION; VOLATILE organic compounds; WASTE products; CHLORINATION; OXYTETRACYCLINE; DIBROMOCHLOROMETHANE; WATER purification
- Publication
Water, Air & Soil Pollution, 2012, Vol 223, Issue 7, p4429
- ISSN
0049-6979
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11270-012-1206-5