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- Title
Patterning of the Vertebrate Head in Time and Space by BMP Signaling.
- Authors
Zhu, Kongju; Spaink, Herman P.; Durston, Antony J.
- Abstract
How head patterning is regulated in vertebrates is yet to be understood. In this study, we show that frog embryos injected with Noggin at different blastula and gastrula stages had their head development sequentially arrested at different positions. When timed BMP inhibition was applied to BMP-overexpressing embryos, the expression of five genes: xcg-1 (a marker of the cement gland, which is the front-most structure in the frog embryo), six3 (a forebrain marker), otx2 (a forebrain and mid-brain marker), gbx2 (an anterior hindbrain marker), and hoxd1 (a posterior hindbrain marker) were sequentially fixed. These results suggest that the vertebrate head is patterned from anterior to posterior in a progressive fashion and may involve timed actions of the BMP signaling.
- Subjects
VERTEBRATES; GASTRULATION; BLASTULA; RHOMBENCEPHALON; PROSENCEPHALON; HEAD
- Publication
Journal of Developmental Biology, 2023, Vol 11, Issue 3, p31
- ISSN
2221-3759
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/jdb11030031