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- Title
Combined Effect of Physical and Psychological Stress Exposure during Pregnancy on the Expression of Caspase-3 Cerebrum and Cerebellum of Newborn Mus Musculus.
- Authors
Novitasari, Binta Dwi; Joewono, Hermanto Tri; Widjiati
- Abstract
Background: Prenatal stress affects fetal development including brain development. When a stressor is felt, the brain as the main target for stress will release a hormone that stimulates the release of pro-apoptotic proteins and activate caspase-3 which acts as an executioner caspase in the cell death process. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of combined stress during pregnancy on the expression of caspase-3 cerebrum and cerebellum of newborn Mus musculus. Methods: An experimental study using 24 pregnant mice (Mus musculus). Subjects were randomized into four groups, consisting of physical stress exposure group (forced swimming) (G1), psychological stress exposure group (noise) (G2), combination stress exposure group (forced swimming + noise) (G3), and control group (G4). Stress exposure was given on 6th-15th days of pregnancy. From each mother, three Newborn of Mus musculus were taken to make preparations from brain tissue. Immunohistochemical examination was performed to assess caspase-3 expression. Results: The study shows that the mean and standard deviation of the expression of caspase-3 cerebrum and cerebellum in the physical stress exposure group is 5.70 ± 0.99 and 5.80 ± 1.35, the psychological stress exposure group is 7.23 ± 1.39 and 7.40 ± 1.24, the combined stress exposure group is 8.67 ± 1.09 and 9.30 ± 1.12, and the control group 4.17 ± 1.18 and 3.90 ± 1.06. ANOVAs statistical test results show significant differences among groups with a value of p = 0.000 in the cerebrum and p = 0.000 in the cerebellum. Conclusion: Exposure to physical and psychological stress during pregnancy increases the expression of caspase-3 in the cerebrum and cerebellum of newborn mice.
- Subjects
PHYSIOLOGICAL stress; CASPASES; MICE; PSYCHOLOGICAL stress; NEWBORN infants; CELL death
- Publication
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 2021, Vol 15, Issue 4, p909
- ISSN
0973-9122
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16817