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- Title
Analysis of IgG Anti-HEV Antibody Protective Levels During Hepatitis E Virus Reinfection in Experimentally Infected Rhesus Macaques.
- Authors
Choi, Youkyung; Zhang, Xiugen; Skinner, Brianna
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Secondary spread of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection occurs often in endemic settings in developing countries. The host immune signatures contributing to protection against subsequent HEV reinfection are unknown.<bold>Methods: </bold>Twelve seroconverted rhesus macaques were reinoculated with homologous HEV genotype 1 (gt1, Sar-55) and followed for 115 days. HEV RNA, HEV-specific T-cell responses, IgG anti-HEV antibody, and the IgG anti-HEV avidity index were tested.<bold>Results: </bold>Four animals with baseline IgG anti-HEV levels from 1.5 to 13.4 World Health Organization (WHO) U/mL evidenced reinfection as determined by HEV RNA in stool, and increase in IgG anti-HEV levels between 63- and 285-fold (P = .003). Eight animals with baseline IgG anti-HEV levels from 2.8 to 90.7 WHO U/mL did not develop infection or shed virus in feces, and IgG anti-HEV antibody levels were unchanged (P = .017). The 4 reinfected animals showed a lower HEV-IgG avidity index (average 35.5%) than the 8 protected animals (average 62.1%). HEV-specific interferon-gamma-producing T cells were 2-fold higher in reinfected animals (P = .018).<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Preexisting antibody and high IgG avidity index (>50%) are important factors for protection against HEV reinfection. HEV-specific T-cell responses were elevated in reinfected animals after subsequent exposure to HEV.
- Subjects
HEPATITIS E virus; RHESUS monkeys; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; VIRAL antibodies; VIRAL shedding; T cells; RNA analysis; ANIMAL experimentation; COMPARATIVE studies; FECES; HEPATITIS E; HEPATITIS viruses; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; PRIMATES; RESEARCH; DISEASE relapse; VIRAL physiology; EVALUATION research
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2019, Vol 219, Issue 6, p916
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiy603