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- Title
p-Hydroxybenzoyl-Glucose Is a Zwitter Donor for the Biosynthesis of 7-Polyacylated Anthocyanin in Delphinium.
- Authors
Nishizaki, Yuzo; Yasunaga, Motoki; Okamoto, Emi; Okamoto, Mitsutoshi; Hirose, Yukio; Yamaguchi, Masaatsu; Ozeki, Yoshihiro; Sasaki, Nobuhiro
- Abstract
The blue color of delphinium (Delphinium grandiflorum) flowers is produced by two 7-polyacylated anthocyanins, violdelphin and cyanodelphin. Violdelphin is derived from the chromophore delphinidin that has been modified at the 7-position by Glc and p -hydroxybenzoic acid (pHBA) molecules. Modification of violdelphin by linear conjugation of Glc and pHBA molecules to a Glc moiety at the 7-position produces cyanodelphin. We recently showed that anthocyanin 7- O -glucosylation in delphinium is catalyzed by the acyl-Glc–dependent anthocyanin glucosyltransferase (AAGT). Here, we sought to answer the question of which enzyme activities are necessary for catalyzing the transfer of Glc and pHBA moieties to 7-glucosylated anthocyanin. We found that these transfers were catalyzed by enzymes that use p -hydroxybenzoyl-Glc (pHBG) as a bifunctional acyl and glucosyl donor. In addition, we determined that violdelphin is synthesized via step-by-step enzymatic reactions catalyzed by two enzymes that use pHBG as an acyl or glucosyl donor. We also isolated a cDNA encoding a protein that has the potential for p -hydroxybenzoylation activity and two AAGT cDNAs that encode a protein capable of adding Glc to delphinidin 3- O -rutinoside-7- O -(6- O -[ p -hydroxybenzoyl]-glucoside) to form violdelphin.
- Subjects
DELPHINIUM; BIOSYNTHESIS; MOIETIES (Chemistry); ANTHOCYANINS; MOLECULES; COMPLEMENTARY DNA
- Publication
Plant Cell, 2013, Vol 25, Issue 10, p4150
- ISSN
1040-4651
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1105/tpc.113.113167