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- Title
Molecular Mechanisms of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus , LGG ® Probiotic Function.
- Authors
Leser, Thomas; Baker, Adam
- Abstract
To advance probiotic research, a comprehensive understanding of bacterial interactions with human physiology at the molecular and cellular levels is fundamental. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LGG® is a bacterial strain that has long been recognized for its beneficial effects on human health. Probiotic effector molecules derived from LGG®, including secreted proteins, surface-anchored proteins, polysaccharides, and lipoteichoic acids, which interact with host physiological processes have been identified. In vitro and animal studies have revealed that specific LGG® effector molecules stimulate epithelial cell survival, preserve intestinal barrier integrity, reduce oxidative stress, mitigate excessive mucosal inflammation, enhance IgA secretion, and provide long-term protection through epigenetic imprinting. Pili on the cell surface of LGG® promote adhesion to the intestinal mucosa and ensure close contact to host cells. Extracellular vesicles produced by LGG® recapitulate many of these effects through their cargo of effector molecules. Collectively, the effector molecules of LGG® exert a significant influence on both the gut mucosa and immune system, which promotes intestinal homeostasis and immune tolerance.
- Subjects
PROBIOTICS; INTESTINAL mucosa; EXTRACELLULAR vesicles; LIPOTEICHOIC acid; HUMAN physiology; IMMUNOLOGICAL tolerance; HOMEOSTASIS; CELL survival; COATED vesicles
- Publication
Microorganisms, 2024, Vol 12, Issue 4, p794
- ISSN
2076-2607
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/microorganisms12040794