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- Title
Optic chiasm involvement in multiple sclerosis, aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein–associated disease.
- Authors
Bianchi, Alessia; Cortese, Rosa; Prados, Ferran; Tur, Carmen; Kanber, Baris; Yiannakas, Marios C; Samson, Rebecca; De Angelis, Floriana; Magnollay, Lise; Jacob, Anu; Brownlee, Wallace; Trip, Anand; Nicholas, Richard; Hacohen, Yael; Barkhof, Frederik; Ciccarelli, Olga; Toosy, Ahmed T
- Abstract
Background: Optic neuritis (ON) is a common feature of inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs) such as multiple sclerosis (MS), aquaporin 4-antibody neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4 + NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody–associated disease (MOGAD). However, the involvement of the optic chiasm (OC) in IDD has not been fully investigated. Aims: To examine OC differences in non-acute IDD patients with (ON+) and without ON (ON−) using magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR), to compare differences between MS, AQP4 + NMOSD and MOGAD and understand their associations with other neuro-ophthalmological markers. Methods: Twenty-eight relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), 24 AQP4 + NMOSD, 28 MOGAD patients and 32 healthy controls (HCs) underwent clinical evaluation, MRI and optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan. Multivariable linear regression models were applied. Results: ON + IDD patients showed lower OC MTR than HCs (28.87 ± 4.58 vs 31.65 ± 4.93; p = 0.004). When compared with HCs, lower OC MTR was found in ON + AQP4 + NMOSD (28.55 ± 4.18 vs 31.65 ± 4.93; p = 0.020) and MOGAD (28.73 ± 4.99 vs 31.65 ± 4.93; p = 0.007) and in ON− AQP4 + NMOSD (28.37 ± 7.27 vs 31.65 ± 4.93; p = 0.035). ON+ RRMS had lower MTR than ON− RRMS (28.87 ± 4.58 vs 30.99 ± 4.76; p = 0.038). Lower OC MTR was associated with higher number of ON (regression coefficient (RC) = −1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −1.819 to −0.490, p = 0.001), worse visual acuity (RC = −0.026, 95% CI = −0.041 to −0.011, p = 0.001) and lower peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL) thickness (RC = 1.129, 95% CI = 0.199 to 2.059, p = 0.018) when considering the whole IDD group. Conclusion: OC microstructural damage indicates prior ON in IDD and is linked to reduced vision and thinner pRNFL.
- Subjects
NEUROMYELITIS optica; MULTIPLE sclerosis; MYELIN oligodendrocyte glycoprotein; AQUAPORINS; MAGNETIZATION transfer; OPTIC neuritis
- Publication
Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 2024, Vol 30, Issue 6, p674
- ISSN
1352-4585
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1177/13524585241240420