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- Title
The Lignan-Rich Fraction from Sambucus williamsii Hance Exerts Bone Protective Effects via Altering Circulating Serotonin and Gut Microbiota in Rats.
- Authors
Xiao, Hui-Hui; Zhu, Yu-Xin; Lu, Lu; Zhou, Li-Ping; Poon, Christina Chui-Wa; Chan, Chi-On; Wang, Li-Jing; Cao, Sisi; Yu, Wen-Xuan; Wong, Ka-Ying; Mok, Daniel Kam-Wah; Wong, Man-Sau
- Abstract
Our previous study revealed that the bone anabolic effects of the lignan-rich fraction (SWCA) from Sambucus williamsii Hance was involved in modulating the metabolism of tryptophan in vivo and inhibiting serotonin (5-HT) synthesis in vitro. This study aimed to determine how SWCA modulates bone metabolism via serotonin in vivo. The effects of SWCA were evaluated by using 4-month-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) ovariectomized rats. The serum levels of 5-HT and kynurenine, the protein expressions of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH-1) and TPH-2, the genes and proteins related to the 5-HT signaling pathway as well as gut microbiota composition were determined. SWCA treatment alleviated bone loss and decreased serum levels of serotonin, which was negatively related to bone mineral density (BMD) in rats. It suppressed the protein expression of TPH-1 in the colon, and reversed the gene and protein expressions of FOXO1 and ATF4 in the femur in OVX rats, while it did not affect the TPH-2 protein expression in the cortex. SWCA treatment escalated the relative abundance of Antinobacteria and modulated several genera relating to BMD. These findings verified that the bone protective effects of lignans were mediated by serotonin, and provided evidence that lignans might be a good source of TPH-1 inhibitors.
- Subjects
PHYTOTHERAPY; TRYPTOPHAN metabolism; BONE metabolism; DIETARY fiber; BIOLOGICAL models; LIGNANS; IN vivo studies; GUT microbiome; ANIMAL experimentation; SEROTONIN; BONE morphogenetic proteins; ACTINOBACTERIA; RATS; OSTEOPOROSIS; GENE expression; CELLULAR signal transduction; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; PLANT extracts; BONE density; DATA analysis software
- Publication
Nutrients, 2022, Vol 14, Issue 22, p4718
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu14224718