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- Title
Omega 3 Consumption and Anxiety Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).
- Authors
Natacci, Lara; M. Marchioni, Dirce; C. Goulart, Alessandra; S. Santos, Itamar; A. Lotufo, Paulo; M. Bensenor, Isabela; Nunes, Maria Angélica; B. Moreno, Arlinda; O. Cardoso, Letícia; Giatti, Luana; B. Molina, Maria del Carmen; R. Brunoni, André
- Abstract
Few studies have evaluated the association between diet and mental disorders, and it has been established that ω-3 (<italic>n</italic>-3) fatty acids may have a beneficial effect for sufferers of anxiety disorders. This study is part of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)—a population-based cohort study on diet and mental health—and searched for associations between anxiety disorders and consumption of <italic>n</italic>-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The study had a cross-sectional design, with a total sample of 12,268 adults. Dietary exposure was measured by a quantitative food-frequency questionnaire, and mental diagnoses were assessed by the Clinical Interview Schedule—Revised Version and diagnosed according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). Logistic regression models were built using quintiles of <italic>n</italic>-3, ω 6 (<italic>n</italic>-6), <italic>n</italic>-6/<italic>n</italic>-3 ratio, and PUFA, using the 1st quintile as reference. Anxiety disorders were identified in 15.4% of the sample. After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, cardiovascular risk factors, diet variables, and depression, intakes in the 5th quintile were inversely associated with anxiety disorders for EPA (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.69–0.98), DHA (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.69–0.98), and DPA (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.69–0.98). Participants in the fifth quintile of <italic>n</italic>-6/<italic>n</italic>-3 ratio had a positive association with anxiety disorders. Although results suggest a possible protective effect of <italic>n</italic>-3 fatty acids against anxiety, all associations lost significance after adjustment for multiple comparisons.
- Subjects
BRAZIL; ANXIETY disorders; CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors; CONFIDENCE intervals; MENTAL depression; INGESTION; LONGITUDINAL method; MENTAL health; NOSOLOGY; OMEGA-3 fatty acids; OMEGA-6 fatty acids; QUESTIONNAIRES; LOGISTIC regression analysis; EICOSAPENTAENOIC acid; CROSS-sectional method; ODDS ratio; ADULTS; DIAGNOSIS; MENTAL illness risk factors
- Publication
Nutrients, 2018, Vol 10, Issue 6, p663
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu10060663