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- Title
The Chemistry behind Chocolate Production.
- Authors
Barišić, Veronika; Kopjar, Mirela; Jozinović, Antun; Flanjak, Ivana; Ačkar, Đurđica; Miličević, Borislav; Šubarić, Drago; Jokić, Stela; Babić, Jurislav
- Abstract
Chocolate production is a complex process during which numerous chemical reactions occur. The most important processes, involving most of the reactions important for development of the proper chocolate flavor, are fermentation, drying and roasting of cocoa bean, and chocolate conching. During fermentation, formation of important precursors occurs, which are essential for further chemical reactions in the following processes of chocolate production. Roasting is one of the most important processes due to the occurrence of Maillard's reactions, during which aroma compounds are formed. In this paper, we have reviewed the most important chemical reactions that occur with proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and polyphenols. Additionally, we present other components that may be naturally present or form during the production process, such as methylxanthines, aldehydes, esters, ketones, pyrazines, acids, and alcohols.
- Subjects
CHOCOLATE; CACAO beans; MAILLARD reaction; CHEMICAL reactions; CHEMISTRY; FOOD aroma
- Publication
Molecules, 2019, Vol 24, Issue 17, p3163
- ISSN
1420-3049
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/molecules24173163