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- Title
Calcium Chloride as a Novel Stabilizer for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus and Its Application in the Vaccine Formulation.
- Authors
Jin, Jong Sook; Lee, Gyeongmin; Kim, Jae Young; Lee, SooAh; Park, Jong-Hyeon; Park, Sun Young; Ko, Young-Joon
- Abstract
The thermal stability of the in-house-developed foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) type O and A viruses was evaluated, and the O Jincheon virus was found to exhibit the lowest thermal stability. To overcome this instability, we proposed a novel stabilizer, calcium chloride. The thermal stability of FMDVs increased up to a CaCl2 concentration of 10 mM, and it had a decreasing trend at >30 mM. The O Jincheon virus showed a significant decrease in the amount of antigen over time at 4 °C. In contrast, the samples treated with CaCl2 showed stable preservation of the virus without significant antigen loss. After the CaCl2-formulated vaccine was administered twice to pigs, the virus neutralization titer reached approximately 1:1000, suggesting that the vaccine could protect pigs against the FMDV challenge. In summary, the O Jincheon virus is difficult to utilize as a vaccine given its low stability during storage after antigen production. However, following its treatment with CaCl2, it can be easily utilized as a vaccine. This study evaluated CaCl2 as a novel stabilizer in FMD vaccines and may contribute to the development of stable vaccine formulations, especially for inherently unstable FMDV strains.
- Subjects
FOOT &; mouth disease; CALCIUM chloride; VIRUS diseases; VACCINES; VACCINE development
- Publication
Vaccines, 2024, Vol 12, Issue 4, p367
- ISSN
2076-393X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/vaccines12040367