We found a match
Your institution may have access to this item. Find your institution then sign in to continue.
- Title
The small phytoplasma virulence effector SAP11 contains distinct domains required for nuclear targeting and CIN- TCP binding and destabilization.
- Authors
Sugio, Akiko; MacLean, Allyson M.; Hogenhout, Saskia A.
- Abstract
Phytoplasmas are insect-transmitted bacterial phytopathogens that secrete virulence effectors and induce changes in the architecture and defense response of their plant hosts. We previously demonstrated that the small (± 10 kDa) virulence effector SAP11 of Aster Yellows phytoplasma strain Witches' Broom ( AY- WB) binds and destabilizes Arabidopsis CIN ( CINCINNATA) TCP ( TEOSINTE- BRANCHED, CYCLOIDEA, PROLIFERATION FACTOR 1 AND 2) transcription factors, resulting in dramatic changes in leaf morphogenesis and increased susceptibility to phytoplasma insect vectors. SAP11 contains a bipartite nuclear localization signal ( NLS) that targets this effector to plant cell nuclei., To further understand how SAP11 functions, we assessed the involvement of SAP11 regions in TCP binding and destabilization using a series of mutants., SAP11 mutants lacking the entire N-terminal domain, including the NLS, interacted with TCPs but did not destabilize them. SAP11 mutants lacking the C-terminal domain were impaired in both binding and destabilization of TCPs. These SAP11 mutants did not alter leaf morphogenesis. A SAP11 mutant that did not accumulate in plant nuclei ( SAP11Δ NLS- NES) was able to bind and destabilize TCP transcription factors, but instigated weaker changes in leaf morphogenesis than wild-type SAP11., Overall the results suggest that phytoplasma effector SAP11 has a modular organization in which at least three domains are required for efficient CIN- TCP destabilization in plants.
- Subjects
PHYTOPLASMAS; WITCHES' broom disease; ARABIDOPSIS; PLANT cell nuclei; MYCOPLASMATALES; PLANT development
- Publication
New Phytologist, 2014, Vol 202, Issue 3, p838
- ISSN
0028-646X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/nph.12721