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- Title
Unravelling the Genetic History of Negritos and Indigenous Populations of Southeast Asia.
- Authors
Aghakhanian, Farhang; Yunus, Yushima; Naidu, Rakesh; Timothy Jinam; Manica, Andrea; Boon Peng Hoh; Phipps, Maude E.
- Abstract
Indigenous populations of Malaysia known as Orang Asli (OA) show huge morphological, anthropological, and linguistic diversity. However, the genetic history of these populations remained obscure. We performed a high-density array genotyping using over 2 million single nucleotide polymorphisms in threemajor groups of Negrito, Senoi, and Proto-Malay. Structural analyses indicated that although all OA groups are genetically closest to East Asian (EA) populations, they are substantially distinct. We identified a genetic affinity between Andamanese and Malaysian Negritos which may suggest an ancient link between these two groups. We also showed that Senoi and Proto-Malay may be admixtures between Negrito and EA populations. Formal admixture tests provided evidence of gene flow between Austro-Asiatic-speaking OAs and populations from Southeast Asia (SEA) and South China which suggest a widespread presence of these people in SEA before Austronesian expansion. Elevated linkage disequilibrium (LD) and enrichedhomozygosity foundinOAs reflect isolationandbottlenecks experienced. Estimates basedonNe andLDindicated that these populationsdiverged from EastAsiansduringthe late Pleistocene (14.5 to 8KYA). The continuumin divergence time fromNegritos to Senoi and Proto-Malay in combination with ancestral markers provides evidences of multiple waves of migration into SEA starting with the first Out-of-Africa dispersals followed by Early Train and subsequent Austronesian expansions.
- Subjects
SOUTHEAST Asia; NEGRITOS; ORANG Asal (Malaysian people); PLEISTOCENE Epoch; EMIGRATION &; immigration
- Publication
Genome Biology & Evolution, 2015, Vol 7, Issue 5, p1206
- ISSN
1759-6653
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/gbe/evv065