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- Title
Počátky emigrace pracovníků ČSAV v letech 1953-1966 (materiálová studie).
- Authors
HÁLEK, JAN; HANKOVEC, VÁCLAV
- Abstract
The aim of this article is to describe the foreign relations of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. Emphasis is placed on organization and administration. The article is based on documents that provide information on one of the first attempts of the Academy to deal with the emigration question. Emigration resulted mainly from private tours, and the destinations were first of all the countries in the capitalist world. The main reasons for emigration can be found in a few areas. In the first place was the desire to work in free conditions. The research in socialistic Czechoslovakia was restrained on a long-term basis by the lack of foreign exchange. Among other factors affecting the need to emigrate were the desire for better personal material security, political affiliations, and other individual issues. The Academy dealt with foreign relations from the very beginning of its existence. The development of the international scientific cooperation required an implementation of appropriate steps in the organizational and administrative area. Within the Office of the Presidium of the Academy, the agenda was administered under the direction of the Office for Foreign Relations. According to the Directive for operating and administration of the foreign policy of the Academy of February 1962, the Academy was designated the sole representative of Czechoslovak science authorized to make agreements and plans about scientific cooperation. All foreign relations of the Academy were supposed to be administered by the Presidium of the Academy, which was directly responsible to the Czechoslovak government. A bureaucratic formulation was developed for sending workers of the Academy abroad. They abided by the code of maximum vigilance and wariness. A certain liberalization in the strictly applied rules began in 1965 through new directives of the presidium of the Academy. The Academy gained the right to coordinate foreign relations that were related only to a basic research, and also the whole bureaucratic process for sending workers of the Academy abroad was simplified. The emigration of workers of the Academy came to a head during and after the Prague spring of 1968. The upcoming normalization and the shutting-off the borders towards the west caused a decline in emigration.
- Publication
History of Sciences & Technology / Dějiny Věd a Techniky, 2009, Vol 42, Issue 4, p241
- ISSN
0300-4414
- Publication type
Article