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- Title
Tütün Kullanma Meselesi Üzerinden Tekf irci Söyleme Bir Reddiye: Muhammed et-Trabzonî'nin Hâdi'l-'Umyi ilâ Câddeti't-Tarîk Adlı Risâlesi (İnceleme-Tahkîk).
- Authors
SAYLAN, Şenol
- Abstract
Those who have a Zahirī/salafī understanding have stated that the corruption and deterioration experienced in Islamic societies throughout history stemmed from certain customs and practices that emerged in the society after the Prophet's era, which they called bid'at. For this purpose, they characterised many practices existing in the society as bid'at, superstition, and shirk. They adopted an uncompromising and harsh style against these practices and condemned, marginalized, and even takfirised those who practised or justified them. The reflections of this mentality are also seen in the representatives of the Qadizādeh faction, which started to be effective in Ottoman society after the 17th century. One of the issues that this understanding uses very harsh expressions is the issue of tobacco use. From the beginning of the 17th century onwards, as tobacco became widespread in the Islamic world and the Ottoman lands, discussions on its ruling began, and then bans came to the agenda. With the fatwa issued by Shaykh al-Islam Bahāī Mehmed Efendi (d. 1064/1654) on the permissibility of tobacco, a period of relaxation of prohibitions began. However, there have been intense debates about the religious and legal ruling on tobacco that have continued until today. However, there have been intense debates on the religious and legal ruling of tobacco until today, and many treatises have been written in favour and against. Muhammad al-Trabzonī, one of the 18th century Ottoman scholars, was one of the authors of works on this subject. After completing his primary education in Trabzon, Trabzonī travelled to many parts of the Islamic geography, such as Istanbul, Aleppo, Damascus, Jerusalem, Egypt, Mecca, and Medina, on various dates, where he received lessons and icazah from many teachers in various sciences. And in the last part of his life, he worked as a professor and library director at Suleymaniye Madrasah. Besides being a jurist, muhaddith, commentator, and linguist, Trabzonī was also a Sufi who belonged to the Qadīrī order. Trabzonī wrote many works in various branches of Islamic sciences. One of these works is the tobacco treatise named Hādi'l-'umyi ilā jāddat al-tarīq. Like his other works, Trabzonī wrote his tobacco treatise as a response to this mentality. As a matter of fact, he wrote the first part of his treatise as a refutation of the tobacco treatise of Akdaglı Mustafa al-Amāsī (d. 1158/1746), who defended the forbiddenness of tobacco. At the end of this section, he answered some of the claims of Abu Said al-Hādimī (d. 1176/1762) regarding tobacco. In the second part, he discusses the opinions on the judgement of tobacco use and some evidences, the opinions of some scholars on tobacco, and the judgement of drugs and coffee. This article is devoted to analysing this treatise by Muhammad al-Trabzonī. Firstly, information about his life and works is given, and then the content of al-Trabzonī's treatise on tobacco is analysed. Finally, the critical edited text of the treatise is given.
- Publication
Tahkik Journal of Critical Editions of Islamic Manuscripts, 2023, Issue 12, p189
- ISSN
2459-1815
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5281/zenodo.10417354