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- Title
Hydraulic design procedure for drip irrigation submain unit based on relative flow difference.
- Authors
Zhang, Lin; Wu, Pute; Zhu, Delan
- Abstract
The combined effects of hydraulic variation and manufacturing variation on the relative flow difference in drip emitters were analyzed for a drip irrigation submain unit. Emitter manufacturing variation is a random variable and follows a normal distribution, which can be expressed by emitter coefficient of manufacturing variation ( v) and a random variable ( u) following a standardized normal distribution. Emitter flow rate equation can be expressed by two parts: (1) emitter discharge coefficient ( k) and discharge exponent ( x) determine the flow rate ( kh) from an emitter at pressure head ( h) and (2) the unknown random term ( uvkh), taking into account emitter manufacturing variation. Next, the formula for relative flow difference in a drip irrigation submain unit is derived based on (1) hydraulic variations due to head loss and elevation differences and (2) emitter manufacturing variation. A new hydraulic design procedure for drip irrigation submain unit is proposed based on the formula.
- Subjects
MICROIRRIGATION; HYDRAULICS; GAUSSIAN distribution; RANDOM variables; MANUFACTURING processes; DISCHARGE coefficient; HEAD loss (Fluid mechanics)
- Publication
Irrigation Science, 2013, Vol 31, Issue 5, p1065
- ISSN
0342-7188
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00271-012-0388-3