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- Title
Suppression of induced pluripotent stem cell generation by the p53–p21 pathway.
- Authors
Hong, Hyenjong; Takahashi, Kazutoshi; Ichisaka, Tomoko; Aoi, Takashi; Kanagawa, Osami; Nakagawa, Masato; Okita, Keisuke; Yamanaka, Shinya
- Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be generated from somatic cells by the introduction of Oct3/4 (also known as Pou5f1), Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, in mouse and in human. The efficiency of this process, however, is low. Pluripotency can be induced without c-Myc, but with even lower efficiency. A p53 (also known as TP53 in humans and Trp53 in mice) short-interfering RNA (siRNA) was recently shown to promote human iPS cell generation, but the specificity and mechanisms remain to be determined. Here we report that up to 10% of transduced mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking p53 became iPS cells, even without the Myc retrovirus. The p53 deletion also promoted the induction of integration-free mouse iPS cells with plasmid transfection. Furthermore, in the p53-null background, iPS cells were generated from terminally differentiated T lymphocytes. The suppression of p53 also increased the efficiency of human iPS cell generation. DNA microarray analyses identified 34 p53-regulated genes that are common in mouse and human fibroblasts. Functional analyses of these genes demonstrate that the p53–p21 pathway serves as a barrier not only in tumorigenicity, but also in iPS cell generation.
- Subjects
STEM cells; TUMOR suppressor proteins; TUMOR suppressor genes; P53 protein; MOBILE genetic elements; MOLECULAR genetics; T cells; GENETIC transformation
- Publication
Nature, 2009, Vol 460, Issue 7259, p1132
- ISSN
0028-0836
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/nature08235