Reports on the protection of endothelial cells (EC) from intrinsic- and extrinsic-mediated apoptosis. Exposure of EC to either basic fibroblast growth factor or vascular endothelial growth factor while inducing apoptosis through stress or receptor-mediated mechanisms; Significance of targeting c-Raf to the mitochondrial membrane; Mutation of serines in the p21-activated kinase phosphorylation site of c-Raf.