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- Title
2226. Impact of Prior and Concomitant Antibacterial Therapy on Outcomes in the ASPECT-NP Randomized, Controlled Trial of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (C/T) vs. Meropenem (MEM) in Patients with Ventilated Nosocomial Pneumonia (NP).
- Authors
Wunderink, Richard G; Bruno, Christopher; Martin-Loeches, Ignacio; Kollef, Marin; Timsit, Jean-Francois; Yu, Brian; Huntington, Jennifer A; Li, Linping; Jensen, Erin; Wolf, Dominik; Butterton, Joan R; Rhee, Elizabeth G
- Abstract
Background NP is a frequent healthcare-acquired infection associated with high mortality; rising resistance rates among causative Gram-negative pathogens require new treatment options. In the randomized, controlled, double-blind, phase 3 ASPECT-NP trial, C/T (at double the initially approved dose) was noninferior to MEM for ventilated NP in both primary and key secondary endpoints. Here we evaluate the impact of prior and concomitant Gram-negative antibacterial therapy on outcomes in that trial. Methods Mechanically ventilated patients with ventilator-associated or hospital-acquired pneumonia were randomized 1:1 to 3 g C/T or 1 g MEM, both by 1-h IV infusion every 8 hours for 8–14 days. Patients could receive ≤24 hours of active antibacterial therapy within ≤72 hours prior to first dose; longer durations were permitted in case of prior treatment failure (i.e. signs and/or symptoms of the current episode of ventilated NP persisted/worsened despite ≥48 hours of treatment). At sites with MEM-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa rates ≥15%, patients could optionally receive up to 72 h of adjunctive empiric aminoglycoside (amikacin was recommended) until study drug susceptibility was confirmed. Primary and key secondary endpoints, respectively, were 28-d all-cause mortality and clinical response at test of cure (TOC; 7–14 days after the end of therapy) in the intent to treat (ITT) population (all randomized patients). Results In the C/T arm, 285/362 (79%) ITT patients received prior systemic Gram-negative therapy and 103/362 (28%) received adjunctive aminoglycoside, compared with 288/364 (79%) and 112/364 (31%) patients, respectively, in the MEM arm. In the microbiologic ITT population, causative pathogens in patients failing prior therapy at the time of enrollment (C/T 15%, MEM 11%) were mainly Klebsiella spp (33%), P. aeruginosa (17%), Escherichia coli (14%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (8%). Mortality and cure rates were comparable between C/T and MEM regardless of receipt of prior systemic or adjunctive Gram-negative therapy (table). Conclusion Prior and adjunctive Gram-negative antibacterial therapy did not affect the relative efficacy of C/T (at the 3-g dose) vs. MEM in these high-risk patients with Gram-negative ventilated NP. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
- Subjects
MEROPENEM; TAZOBACTAM; ACINETOBACTER baumannii; PNEUMONIA; PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa; VENTILATOR-associated pneumonia
- Publication
Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2019, Vol 6, pS760
- ISSN
2328-8957
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1904