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- Title
Patterns of plastid DNA differentiation in Erythronium (Liliaceae) are consistent with allopatric lineage divergence in Europe across longitude and latitude.
- Authors
Bartha, László; Sramkó, Gábor; Volkova, Polina; Surina, Boštjan; Ivanov, Alexander; Banciu, Horia
- Abstract
Little attention has been paid so far to the genetic legacy of the oceanic-continental gradient across Europe. Due to this gradient, steppe regions become more extensive and mesic environments become more scattered towards the East. A well-suited system to study the impact of this gradient on lineage differentiation is the temperate mesophilic plant Erythronium dens- canis (Liliaceae), which is widespread in southern Europe with a distribution gap in the Pannonian Plain. Moreover, the large disjunction between E. dens- canis and its sister species E. caucasicum coincides with the Pontic steppe region. By applying range-wide sampling of E. dens- canis and limited sampling of E. caucasicum, we explored their phylogeography using the plastid regions rpl32- trnL and rps15- ycf1. Three major phylogroups were identified: a Caucasian lineage, a highly structured and narrowly distributed Transylvanian lineage, and a more homogenous and widely distributed 'non-Transylvanian' lineage. Apparently, both physiographic (mountain) and climatic (steppe) barriers have caused allopatric differentiation in European Erythronium. The Southern Carpathians constitute a latitudinal barrier and the Pannonian Plain a longitudinal barrier between the Transylvanian and 'non-Transylvanian' lineages of E. dens- canis. The eastern Carpathian Basin likely functioned as a combination of cryptic eastern (mesic) and cryptic northern refugia for E. dens- canis during glacial periods. The Eastern Carpathians and particularly the Pontic steppe regions acted as a longitudinal barrier between E. dens- canis and E. caucasicum. Steppe-dominated gaps in the distribution range of Erythronium are mirrored by genetic discontinuities along longitudes; this highlights the important role of the oceanic-continental gradient throughout Europe for lineage differentiation.
- Subjects
EUROPE; PLASTIDS; PLANT DNA; ERYTHRONIUM (Plants); VICARIANCE; BIOLOGICAL divergence
- Publication
Plant Systematics & Evolution, 2015, Vol 301, Issue 6, p1747
- ISSN
0378-2697
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00606-014-1190-x