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- Title
Comparative evaluation in vitro of the herbicide flurochloridone by cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome and comet assays.
- Authors
Nikoloff, Noelia; Larramendy, Marcelo L.; Soloneski, Sonia
- Abstract
The in-vitro effects of flurochloridone and its formulations Twin Pack Gold® (25% a.i.) and Rainbow® (25% a.i.) were evaluated in Chinese Hamster Ovary K1 (CHO-K1) cells. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-cyt) and single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assays were used. The activities were tested within the range of final concentrations of 0.25-15 μg flurochloridone/mL. The results demonstrated that both the flurochloridone and Rainbow® were not able to induce micronuclei (MN). On the other hand, Twin Pack Gold® only increased the frequency of MN at 5 μg/mL. Furthermore, 10 and 15 μg/mL of both formulations resulted in a cellular cytotoxicity demonstrated by alterations in the nuclear division index and cellular death. SCGE assay appeared to be a more sensitive bioassay for detecting primary DNA strand breaks at lower concentrations of flurochloridone than MN did. A marked increase in the genetic damage index was observed when 5 and 15 μg/mL of both flurochloridone and Rainbow® but only when 15 μg/mL of Twin Pack Gold® were used. This is the first report demonstrating that flurochloridone and its two commercial formulations are able to induce single-strand DNA breaks in vitro on mammalian cells. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 29: 884-892, 2014.
- Subjects
HERBICIDES; FLUROCHLORIDONE; CYTOKINESIS; DEATH; ELECTROPHORESIS
- Publication
Environmental Toxicology, 2014, Vol 29, Issue 8, p884
- ISSN
1520-4081
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/tox.21816