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- Title
SARS-CoV-2 multi-antigen protein microarray for detailed characterization of antibody responses in COVID-19 patients.
- Authors
Celikgil, Alev; Massimi, Aldo B.; Nakouzi, Antonio; Herrera, Natalia G.; Morano, Nicholas C.; Lee, James H.; Yoon, Hyun ah; Garforth, Scott J.; Almo, Steven C.
- Abstract
Antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) target multiple epitopes on different domains of the spike protein, and other SARS-CoV-2 proteins. We developed a SARS-CoV-2 multi-antigen protein microarray with the nucleocapsid, spike and its domains (S1, S2), and variants with single (D614G, E484K, N501Y) or double substitutions (N501Y/Deletion69/70), allowing a more detailed high-throughput analysis of the antibody repertoire following infection. The assay was demonstrated to be reliable and comparable to ELISA. We analyzed antibodies from 18 COVID-19 patients and 12 recovered convalescent donors. The S IgG level was higher than N IgG in most of the COVID-19 patients, and the receptor-binding domain of S1 showed high reactivity, but no antibodies were detected against the heptad repeat domain 2 of S2. Furthermore, antibodies were detected against S variants with single and double substitutions in COVID-19 patients who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 early in the pandemic. Here we demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 multi-antigen protein microarray is a powerful tool for detailed characterization of antibody responses, with potential utility in understanding the disease progress and assessing current vaccines and therapies against evolving SARS-CoV-2.
- Subjects
SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; ANTIBODY formation; FC receptors
- Publication
PLoS ONE, 2023, Vol 17, Issue 2, p1
- ISSN
1932-6203
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0276829