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- Title
THE INFLUENCE OF HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS AND CYTOMEGALOVIRUS ON HUMAN SPERMATOGENESIS.
- Authors
Naumenko, V. A.; Tyulenev, Y. A.; Yakovenko, S. A.; Klimova, R. R.; Kurilo, L. F.; Shileiko, L. V.; Segal, A. S.; Kovalev, V. A.; Kushch, A. A.
- Abstract
Objective: Recent studies have demonstrate the presence of correlation between herpes simplex virus (HSV) presence in ejaculate and male infertility. The role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in fertility disorders is also discussed. At the same time pathogenesis of viral impact on male reproductive system is unclear. Resistance of spermatozoa to herpesviruses assumes that virus affects germ cells during its maturation in testis. The aim of the study was to investigate HSV and CMV effects on immature germ cells (IGC) going through different stages of development -- spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatides. Materials and Methods: Analysis of IGC population was performed in HSV- and CMV-infected sperm samples and on the model of testis herpesvirus infection in vitro. 134 sperm samples from infertile males, including 89 HSV-infected, 20 CMV-infected and 20 virus-free samples, were investigated by quantitative karyological method. The in vitro model of HSV and CMV infection was obtained from the testicular organotypic culture. Viability of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatides and spermatozoa in infected and uninfected culture was assessed during 16 days of culturing. Results: In HSV-infected samples we found an increase in degenerative germ cells comparing with uninfected samples (13.2% vs 7.2%, p < 0.05), and additionally, in the case of high viral load, we observed the decrease in spermatides (80.9% vs 86.5%, p < 0.05) and spermatocytes I in diplotene (0% vs 0.43%, p < 0.05). The same changes were detected while comparing CMV-infected sperm samples: the amount of degenerative germ cells was higher (16.2% vs 7.2%, p < 0.05), and the concentration of spermatides was lower (78.3% vs 86.5%, p < 0.05) in the samples with high viral load compared with virus-free samples. Investigation of IGC in organotypic culture also revealed the decrease in spermatocytes and spermatides in infected testis from Day 4 of culturing. On Day 16, the viability of spermatocytes in uninfected culture was 51.5%, comparing with 16.9% (p < 0.001) in HSV- and 18.7% (p < 0.001) in CMV-infected culture. The similar values for spermatides comprised 68% vs 39.9% (p < 0.001) and 35.1% (p < 0.001). More over the decrease in spermatogonia was detected in presence of HSV (35.5%, p < 0.001) and CMV (36.8%, p < 0.001), comparing with 82.2% of vital cells in virus-free testis culture. The population of spermatozoa was not impacted during 16 days of infection. Conclusions: HSV and CMV can affect IGC at different stages of maturation. Meiotic cells (spermatocytes) and the cells that are formed as a result of meiosis (spermatides) are the most sensitive to herpesviruses. The decrease in IGC population is a possible factor for fertility disorders in males infected by herpesviruses.
- Subjects
HERPES simplex virus; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS diseases; SPERMATOGENESIS; HERPESVIRUSES; MALE infertility
- Publication
Reproductive BioMedicine Online (Reproductive Healthcare Limited), 2010, Vol 20, pS30
- ISSN
1472-6483
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1016/S1472-6483(10)62492-3