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- Title
Synaptosomes: A Functional Tool for Studying Neuroinflammation.
- Authors
Trebesova, Hanna; Grilli, Massimo
- Abstract
Definition: Synaptosomes are subcellular components isolated from nerve terminations that can be prepared by homogenizing brain tissue in isotonic sucrose solution followed by appropriate centrifugation. Their preparation technique has a long history since synaptosomes were first isolated from nerve endings and described by Gray and Whittaker in 1962. The preparation of synaptosomes produces presynaptic boutons alone or in combination with fragments of postsynaptic membranes. Interestingly, synaptosomes contain organelles and vesicles that express native channels, receptors, and transporters. At 37 °C, these isolated nerve endings are metabolically active and synthesize and release neurotransmitters. They are actively used to investigate neurotransmission, its actors, and the mechanisms of neurotransmitter release. To date, many functional and non-functional applications of synaptosomes have been documented. Due to their versatility, synaptosomes have been actively used to study neuroinflammatory processes.
- Subjects
SYNAPTOSOMES; NEUROINFLAMMATION; NERVE endings; PHYSIOLOGIC salines; NEURAL transmission
- Publication
Encyclopedia, 2023, Vol 3, Issue 2, p406
- ISSN
2673-8392
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/encyclopedia3020027