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- Title
Social and emotional characteristics of girls and young women with DDX3X-associated intellectual disability: a descriptive and comparative study.
- Authors
Ng-Cordell, Elise; Kolesnik-Taylor, Anna; O'Brien, Sinéad; Astle, Duncan; Scerif, Gaia; Baker, Kate
- Abstract
DDX3X variants are a common cause of intellectual disability (ID) in females, and have been associated with autism spectrum disorder and emotional-behavioural difficulties. In this study, we compared phenotypic data for 23 females with DDX3X variants, to 23 females with ID and other genetic diagnoses. We found a wide range of adaptive, social and emotional function within the DDX3X group. Autism characteristics did not differ between DDX3X and comparison groups, while levels of anxiety and self-injurious behaviour (SIB) were significantly higher in the DDX3X group. Within the DDX3X group, adaptive function, autism characteristics, anxiety and SIB scores were positively correlated, with evidence for group-specific associations with SIB. Future work is warranted to explore the multilevel mechanisms contributing to social and emotional development in individuals with DDX3X variants.
- Subjects
AUTISM risk factors; RISK factors of self-injurious behavior; GENETIC mutation; RESEARCH methodology; COMPARATIVE studies; RESEARCH funding; AUTISM; EMOTIONS; SOCIAL skills; PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation; ANXIETY; INTELLECTUAL disabilities; PHENOTYPES; WOMEN'S health; DISEASE risk factors; SYMPTOMS
- Publication
Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, 2023, Vol 53, Issue 8, p3208
- ISSN
0162-3257
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10803-022-05527-w