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- Title
Long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of choline for neurodevelopment in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: corpus callosum white matter microstructure and neurocognitive outcomes.
- Authors
Gimbel, Blake A.; Anthony, Mary E.; Ernst, Abigail M.; Roediger, Donovan J.; de Water, Erik; Eckerle, Judith K.; Boys, Christopher J.; Radke, Joshua P.; Mueller, Bryon A.; Fuglestad, Anita J.; Zeisel, Steven H.; Georgieff, Michael K.; Wozniak, Jeffrey R.
- Abstract
Background: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a lifelong condition. Early interventions targeting core neurocognitive deficits have the potential to confer long-term neurodevelopmental benefits. Time-targeted choline supplementation is one such intervention that has been shown to provide neurodevelopmental benefits that emerge with age during childhood. We present a long-term follow-up study evaluating the neurodevelopmental effects of early choline supplementation in children with FASD approximately 7 years on average after an initial efficacy trial. Methods: The initial study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of choline vs. placebo in 2.5 to 5 year olds with FASD. Participants in this long-term follow-up study include 18 children (9 placebo; 9 choline) seen 7 years on average following initial trial completion. The mean age at follow-up was 11.0 years old. Diagnoses were 28% fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), 28% partial FAS, and 44% alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder. The follow-up included measures of executive functioning and an MRI scan. Results: Children who received choline had better performance on several tasks of lower-order executive function (e.g., processing speed) and showed higher white matter microstructure organization (i.e., greater axon coherence) in the splenium of the corpus callosum compared to the placebo group. Conclusions: These preliminary findings, although exploratory at this stage, highlight potential long-term benefits of choline as a neurodevelopmental intervention for FASD and suggest that choline may affect white matter development, representing a potential target of choline in this population. Trial registration: Prior to enrollment, this trial was registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01149538) on June 23, 2010.
- Subjects
FETAL alcohol syndrome; CORPUS callosum; WHITE matter (Nerve tissue); RANDOMIZED controlled trials; CHOLINE; AGENESIS of corpus callosum
- Publication
Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 2022, Vol 14, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1866-1947
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s11689-022-09470-w