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- Title
Regulation of microglial inflammatory response by sodium butyrate and short-chain fatty acids.
- Authors
Hmiskonen, Jari; Suuronen, Tiina; Nuutinen, Tapio; Kynlenko, Sergiy; Salminen, Antero
- Abstract
1 Recent studies have shown that sodium butyrate and other short-chain lain acids (SCFAs) can prevent inflammation in colon diseases. Our aim was to elucidate whether sodium buiyrate and SCI As regulate the inflammatars responses in different neural inflammation models in cell cultures. 2 Inflammatory, responses to LPS-induced microglial activation were recorded by the secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokins IL -6 and TNF-α and related to the changes in the DNA-binding activities of NF-kB complex. 3 We observed that sodium butyrate is strongly anti-inflammatory against LPS-induced responses in rat primary microglia as well as in hippocampal slice cultures and in neural cocultures of microglial cells, astrocytes and cerebellar granule neurons. 4 In murine N9 microglial cell line, instead, sodium butynite and other SCFAs (propionate. valerate and caproaic) enhanced the LPS-induced inflammatory response. 5 The prelreatmenl with butyrate before LPS exposure induced an equal or more enhanced response than simultaneous exposure with buiyrale and LFS. This indicates that built rale induces an adaptative response against microglial activation. 6 We also observed that butyrate treatment both in transformed N9 cells and in hippocampal slice cultures downregulates the NF-KB-binding capacity induced by LPS stimulation. 7 Our results show that butyrate is anti-inflammatorj in primary, brain-dcrived microglial cells, as observed receniK in colon diseases, bni proinllammatory in transformed, proliferating Nl) microglial cells, which ma\ be related to the anticancer properties of butyrate observed in tumor cells.
- Subjects
ACUTE phase reaction; INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases; MICROGLIA; ACETYLATION; ALZHEIMER'S disease; NEURODEGENERATION
- Publication
British Journal of Pharmacology, 2004, Vol 141, Issue 5, p874
- ISSN
0007-1188
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/sj.bjp.0705682