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- Title
Advances in membranes and membrane reactors for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process for biofuel production.
- Authors
Liuzzi, Dalia; Fernandez, Ekain; Perez, Susana; Ipiñazar, Enrique; Arteche, Amaya; Fierro, José Luís G.; Viviente, Jose Luis; Pacheco Tanaka, David Alfredo; Rojas, Sergio
- Abstract
Even though the FTS process leads to a broad distribution of HCs, the product distribution during the FTS process can be adjusted to maximize the production of the desired fraction by controlling the reaction conditions (P, T and GHSV), reactor type and catalyst composition. In the LT-FTS process (either with Co- or Fe-based catalysts), more than 66% of the hydrocarbon (HC) compounds produced are within the C SB 11-22+ sb range (mostly composed of linear paraffins); in addition, there are approximately 5-6% C SB 1 sb hydrocarbons produced, approximately 5-6% C SB 2-4 sb hydrocarbons produced and 22% C SB 5-10 sb hydrocarbons produced. Keywords: biofuel production; Fischer-Tropsch; membrane reactor; membranes; separations EN biofuel production Fischer-Tropsch membrane reactor membranes separations 55 76 22 01/18/22 20220101 NES 220101 Abbreviations 1G/2G biofuels 1st/2nd generation biofuels BtL Biomass-to-liquid CMSMs Carbon molecular sieve membranes CNF Carbon nanofiber CtL Coal-to-liquid FBR Fluidized bed reactor FTS Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis GHG Greenhouse gases GHSV Gas hourly space velocity GtL Gas-to-liquid HC Hydrocarbons HT-FTS High-temperature FTS HVOs Hydrotreated vegetable oils LT-FTS Low-temperature FTS LPG Liquified petroleum gas MR Membrane reactor OCM Oxidative coupling of methane PBR Fixed or packed bed reactor PBMR Packed bed membrane reactor PM Particulate matter PSD Pore size distribution SBCR Slurry bubble bed column reactor SoA State-of-the-art TOS Time on stream WGS Water-gas shift XtL X refers to any energy source that can be converted to liquid, including coal, natural gas, biomass, municipal solid waste, etc. 1 Introduction The transportation sector is among the most important primary energy consumers in the world, with a primary energy consumption of approximately 21% (86 EJ/y), originating mostly from fossil fuels.
- Subjects
MEMBRANE reactors; CATALYSTS; FISCHER-Tropsch process; BIOMASS gasification; MANUFACTURING processes; CHEMICAL processes; CHEMICAL transportation; BUBBLE column reactors
- Publication
Reviews in Chemical Engineering, 2022, Vol 38, Issue 1, p55
- ISSN
0167-8299
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1515/revce-2019-0067