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- Title
Shanghai als Zufluchtsort für Juden 1938 bis 1947.
- Authors
Martin, Bernd
- Abstract
Approximately 18.000 Jews from Germany and Austria found refuge in the Chinese harbour metropolis of Shanghai between 1938 and 1941. They formed the third largest Jewish exile colony and lived in an Asiatic environment which was perceived as exotic. A majority of the mostly middle-class Jews spent ten years in this “life on call”. While the young and agile were surprisingly quick in finding a livelihood, older Jews often led a “life in the waiting room” in communal accommodation with meagre fare. In late 1937 the Japanese had occupied the city except for the international enclaves. Like the city administration, which remained in office, they cared little for the immigrants. Thus, entry checks or passport controls did not occur in Shanghai. After the complete occupation following the Japanese entry into the war in December 1941, the Jewish population was however more strongly regulated. Probably due to German pressure, the immigrant Jews were forced to move to an open ghetto in early 1943. After the liberation by the Americans in September 1945, the refugees often had to wait until 1948 for their emigration to the United States or the recently founded State of Israel. Some even returned to Germany.
- Subjects
SHANGHAI (China); CHINA; JEWS; JEWISH ghettos; HOLOCAUST, 1939-1945; SINO-Japanese War, 1937-1945; OLDER Jews; JEWISH history; MANNERS &; customs
- Publication
Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 2016, Vol 64, Issue 4, p567
- ISSN
0042-5702
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1515/vfzg-2016-0028