We found a match
Your institution may have access to this item. Find your institution then sign in to continue.
- Title
Characterization of ions at Alpine waterfalls.
- Authors
Kolarž, P.; Gaisberger, M.; Madl, P.; Hofmann, W.; Ritter, M.; Hartl, A.; Kulmala, M.
- Abstract
During a three-year field campaign of measuring waterfall generated ions, we monitored five different waterfalls in the Austrian Alps. Most measurements were performed at the Krimml waterfall (Salzburg, Austria), which is the biggest waterfall in Europe, and the Gartl waterfall (Molltal, Austria). We characterized spatial, time and size distributions of waterfall-generated ions under the influence of surrounding topography. The smallest ions with boundary diameters of 0.9, 1.5 and 2 nm, were measured with a cylindrical air ion detector (CDI-06), while ion sizes from 5.5 to 350 nm were measured using a modified Grimm SMPS aerosol spectrometer. High negative ion concentration gradients are detected in the vicinity of the waterfalls, whereas the increase of positive ions was only moderate. Ions in the nano range were the most abundant at 2 nm, and at 120 nm in the sub-micrometer range.
- Subjects
AUSTRIAN Alps (Austria); AUSTRIA; EUROPE; MOUNTAINS; WATERFALLS; IONS; MICROMETERS
- Publication
Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2012, Vol 12, Issue 8, p3687
- ISSN
1680-7316
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5194/acp-12-3687-2012