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- Title
Design of complex agroecosystems: traditional and formal knowledge to conserve agrobiodiversity in the Santa Marta Mountains, Veracruz, México.
- Authors
Ávila-Bello, Carlos H.; Hernández-Romero, Ángel Héctor; Vázquez-Luna, Dinora; Lara-Rodríguez, Daniel Alejandro; Martínez-Jerónimo, Adriana; Meneses-García, Bitia N.; Sánchez-Sandoval, Xochitl M.
- Abstract
In the context of globalization, two major human challenges are global warming and the loss of biological and cultural diversity. Solving the latter problem can help reduce greenhouse gases, diversify production, and maintain agrobiodiversity. The objective was to propose a design of complex agroecosystems based on indigenous and scientific knowledge. In 66 agroecosystems from seven ejidos (communal lands used for agriculture), the tree species were determined in 400 square meter plots, considering three layers: high (up to 35 m), middle (up to 25 m), and low (< 17.5 m), estimating carbon sequestration using allometric equations. Three participatory workshops were carried out with 36 peasants to corroborate the species observed in the field and create lists of attributes (foliage production, cover, growth speed, and flowering and fruiting periods). With these attributes, as well as carbon sequestration capacity, melliferous and nectar potential, a proposal for an agroecosystem design was developed. The species that sequestered the largest amount of carbon was: Pouteria sapota, Manilkara sapota, Brosimum alicastrum, and Calophyllum brasiliense. The highest valued species were: Spondias mombin, Citrus limon, and Psidium guajava, Guazuma ulmifolia, Trema micrantha, Inga spp., Bursera simaruba, Mangifera indica, Pouteria sapota, and Tabebuia rosea; in the shrub and understory layer Musa paradisiaca, Coffea arabica, Chamaedorea tepejilote, and Chamaedorea spp. The combination of indigenous and western scientific knowledge allows the structuring of complex agroecological matrices to diversify coffee agroecosystems. This can be the basis for reducing poverty, conserving, or restoring different trophic relationships, and reducing global warming. Section 1 presents the literature reviewed. Section 2 presents a description of the study area with the main biological and social characteristics, also, the main methods used to characterize coffee agroecosystems, the estimation of carbon sequestration and valuation of tree species by peasants and the attributes used for the proposal of design of agroecosystems. Sections 3 and 4 present the discussion of results and finally in Sect. 5, the conclusions.
- Subjects
VERACRUZ (Veracruz-Llave, Mexico); SCIENTIFIC knowledge; CARBON sequestration in forests; AGROBIODIVERSITY; TRADITIONAL knowledge; AGRICULTURAL ecology; COFFEE plantations; INDIGENOUS children; FOREST biomass
- Publication
Environment, Development & Sustainability, 2024, Vol 26, Issue 3, p7129
- ISSN
1387-585X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10668-023-03002-9