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- Title
Size, shape and surface morphology of starch granules from Norway spruce needles revealed by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy: effects of elevated CO2 concentration.
- Authors
Jana Cabálková; Jan Pribyl; Petr Skládal; Pavel Kulich; Josef Chmelík
- Abstract
We compared the effects of ambient (350 ppm) and elevated CO2 concentration (700 ppm) on the size and shape of starch granules in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) needles during one growing season. Starch granules were isolated from needles by alkaline digestion and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Measurements made with a particle size analyzer indicated that starch granules ranged between 0.5 and 10 μm. Granule size and shape varied according to needle developmental stage and CO2 concentration. Generally, elevated CO2 concentration increased the size of the starch granules. Fine surface structures (< 10 nm in size) studied by AFM were characterized by the presence of protrusions, furrows and pores.
- Subjects
EFFECT of carbon dioxide on plants; STARCH; PLANT morphology; NORWAY spruce; PARTICLE size distribution; TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; ATOMIC force microscopy
- Publication
Tree Physiology, 2008, Vol 28, Issue 10, p1593
- ISSN
0829-318X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/treephys/28.10.1593