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- Title
Polyunsaturated fatty acids trigger apoptosis of colon cancer cells through a mitochondrial pathway.
- Authors
Chengcheng Zhang; Haining Yu; Yuzhen Shen; Xiaofeng Ni; Shengrong Shen; Undurti N. Das; Zhang, Chengcheng; Yu, Haining; Shen, Yuzhen; Ni, Xiaofeng; Shen, Shengrong; Das, Undurti N
- Abstract
<bold>Introduction: </bold>Colorectal cancer is common in developed countries. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported to possess tumoricidal action, but the exact mechanism of their action is not clear.<bold>Material and Methods: </bold>In the present study, we studied the effect of various n-6 and n-3 fatty acids on the survival of the colon cancer cells LoVo and RKO and evaluated the possible involvement of a mitochondrial pathway in their ability to induce apoptosis.<bold>Results: </bold>It was observed that n-3 α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (ALA, EPA and DHA respectively) and n-6 linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid (LA, GLA and AA respectively) induced apoptosis of the colon cancer cells LoVo and RKO at concentrations above 120 μM (p < 0.01 compared to control). The semi-differentiated colon cancer cell line RKO was more sensitive to the cytotoxic action of PUFAs compared to the undifferentiated colon cancer cell line LoVo. PUFA-treated cells showed an increased number of lipid droplets in their cytoplasm. PUFA-induced apoptosis of LoVo and RKO cells is mediated through a mitochondria-mediated pathway as evidenced by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, generation of ROS, accumulation of intracellular Ca(2+), activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, decreased ATP level and increase in the Bax/Bcl2 expression ratio.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>PUFAs induced apoptosis of colon cancer cells through a mitochondrial dependent pathway.
- Subjects
COLON cancer treatment; UNSATURATED fatty acids; APOPTOSIS; MITOCHONDRIAL physiology; ANTINEOPLASTIC agents; EICOSAPENTAENOIC acid
- Publication
Archives of Medical Science, 2015, Vol 11, Issue 5, p1081
- ISSN
1734-1922
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.5114/aoms.2015.54865