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- Title
Infection of Macaques after Vaginal Exposure to Cell-Associated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus.
- Authors
SaIIé, Bettina; Brochard, Patricia; Bourry, Olivier; Mannioui, Ahdelkrim; Andrieu, Thibault; Prevot, Sophie; Dejucq-Rainsford, Nathalie; Dereuddre-Bosquet, Nathalie; Le Grand, Roger
- Abstract
Background. The contribution of infected semen cells to sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is still debated. We addressed this issue in the model of experimental infection of macaques with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Methods. Frozen stocks of cells obtained from the spleen of macaques at the peak of SlVmac25l viremia were prepared. After being thawed and washed, cells were deposited at different concentrations in the vaginas of adult macaques treated with medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera). To unravel mechanisms of infection, stock cells labeled with carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) were inoculated intravaginally. Follow-up testing of samples from the mucosa and different lymphoid tissues obtained 21 and 45 h later was performed by flow cytonietry, immunohistochemical analysis, and in situ hybridization. Results. Systemic and persistent infection was achieved after vaginal exposure of macaques to SIV-infected cells. The dose needed to infect 50% of females was 6.69 × 105 ± 2.08 × 105 viral DNA copies. At days I and 2 after exposure to cell-associated SW labeled with CFSE, SIV-positive cells were detected in proximal and distal lymphoid tissues. Conclusions. Infection with SIV after exposure of vaginal and cervical niucosa to cell-associated virus represents a new mechanism of sexual transmission of HIV and SW that may have significant impacts in the development of preventive approaches like microbicides.
- Subjects
MACAQUES; HIV; SIV antibodies; SEMEN; FROZEN semen; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE; IN situ hybridization; LYMPHOID tissue; LEUCOCYTES; DISEASES
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2010, Vol 202, Issue 3, p337
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1086/653619